The paper states that the results are in vivo, not in vitro. The bacteria seemed to literally have cured colorectal cancer in mice. Mice are apparently strikingly similar to human beings in ways that matter, and so this research is very encouraging.
Likely too late for a particular person in my life, but hopefully not too late for others.
As in 99.9% of cases of people who rush to the comments desperate to post a link to xkcd because, erm, actually I dunno. Why the hell do half the threads on HN have someone desperately posting an unrelated xkcd?
That doesn't fix anything, the reason DST exists is because at higher latitudes, the sun rises too early in the summer, and too late in the winter. DST exists to make the time of sunrise more consistent across seasons. DST only functions if hours are shifted seasonally, once for summer, and again for winter.
What? It fixes everything! It means you never have to change times again. That singular benefit overrides anything else. what's wrong for summer is right for winter, and vice versa, but if it's equally bad it's also equally good.
No, it is intended for a small band of places where the latitude is big enough to make winter and summer daytime length significantly different, but not so different that DST does nothing. In Sweden, with DST, the sunrise is at 4am in summer and 8am in winter. Just set it so noon is actually noon.
> In Sweden, with DST, the sunrise is at 4am in summer and 8am in winter.
In Sweden, in summer without DST, sunrise in Stockholm would happen ~2:30 AM. In the current system, with DST, sunrise happens around 3:30 AM, an improvement.
In winter, if Sweden kept permanent DST (which is what many advocate for), sunrise in December would happen at around 9:45 AM. In the current system (shifting time back during winter), it happens around 8:45 AM, a more reasonable time.
You realize you're literally proving my point?
> Just set it so noon is actually noon.
Pretty meaningless to advocate for this, then every longitude would have its own timezone, defeating the purpose of timezones.
Well, you certainly got a combative tone. I don't care if it's 8:45 or 9:45, it is what it is. You don't get more or fewer hours of sun, it's dark when you go to work, it's dark when you get home from work. With DST. Noon at noon is pretty much what the time zones are aiming for, yes.
Technically correct but false in practice. DST shifts sunlight hours to when people tend to be awake, giving the average person more hours of sun per day.
The intent of DST is to normalize variations in the time of sunrise between summer and winter.
Places closer to the equator have minimal variation in the time of sunrise between seasons. They don't need DST.
Higher latitudes have large variation (i.e. Seattle, where the time of sunrise shifts between 4am in summer to 8am in winter), so they benefit from DST or summer/winter hours.
DST is one of the simplest implementations of seasonal hours on a regional scale.
> The intent of DST is to normalize variations in the time of sunrise between summer and winter.
The intent of DST was to conserve energy by moving daylight into the evening hours. However, it turned out that people need light in the morning, too, and that DST had no effect on overall energy usage.
So, why not end this failed experiment and return to how it was before?
And please let's go with standard time, i.e. where the sun is at its highest point around the 12:00 o'clock mark.
Office hours are a lame excuse as most modern jobs - especially those of people on this site - surely allow flexible time. And even if not, every company is free to adjust office hours during the year - as it's already done in e.g. Turkey since they got rid of DST. Same with school hours, store opening hours, etc. - I'm pretty sure they will adjust where needed.
If you like disturbing your sleep cycle twice a year so much, feel free to change the wakeup time on your alarm clock whenever you wish.
(If it weren’t such a hassle with date changes, I'd vote for world-wide UTC, btw. And I'd love some unified decimal date/time system even more.)
What people usually mean by abolishing DST is permanent summer hours. If your problem was sunrise timing, then problem solved - DST actually moves that earlier than you require twice a year for normal working hours (i.e. less sun in the evenings). Source: my own high latitude life.
Abolishing DST for permanent summer hours don't address the winter sunrise issue.
Under permanent DST, the sun rises around 9 AM in December in Seattle. That's far too late. I, and millions of other people, do not want to wake up 2 hours before sunrise and drive to work in the dark.
Under the current system (DST reverts back during winter), sunrise is shifted an hour earlier to around 8AM, which is manageable. I don't have to drive to work in the dark.
If the morning commute is the only issue, then it is likely that in the relatively near future (all things being equal) work life may revert back to its pre-automobile mode where your work was either at home or fairly close to your home. That may end DST.
In Seattle, without DST, sunrise happens at 4:11am. Because of DST, it's pushed back an hour later to a more reasonable 5:11am.
I am not awake at 4am, I have no use for sunlight at 4am, and I don't want the sun appearing that early. That hour of early sunlight is wasted for me. Plus with DST, the sun sets an hour later, at 9:11pm, a time I am actually awake, and I can actually go outside and use the extra sun.
And, with permanent DST (which is what many people are advocating for), then in winter sunrise is at 9am in Seattle, which is far too late. I do not want to drive to work in the dark, before sunrise. So I want standard time in winter, pushing sunrise an hour earlier to a more reasonable 8am.
In both situations (summer and winter), modifying the time via DST benefits me and gives me better use of sunlight.
Then we should have timezones based not just on longitude, but also latitude. So northerly locales can get some sleep in the spring/summer/fall.
> If your issue is when work is scheduled, well businesses set their own hours, not the government.
Ah, someone who doesn't have kids in school/camp/some random activity yet.
We know how this goes in China (one time zone, no daylight savings time). Coming home from the bar in Beijing with the sun showing up at 4 AM was quaint back then, but I'm definitely glad we have DST in the states.
Beijing is a bad example, because all of China actually has Beijing time. It gets confusing in Xinjang, which is 2 hours in the "wrong" timezone. But that doesn't mean that people start work at 8:00 in complete darkness, they just start at 10:00 wall time.
I think the talk of daylight savings time is a distraction, in the end it is arbitrary what the clock says. As a society we need to negotiate when (in celestial time) we want to do certain activities. For example, there are a lot of studies that school starts to early (relative to sunrise and the average bed time of teenagers). But the school starting time has to be decided politically. And reduced working hours or later start times have to be negotiated by trade unions, politics etc.. That's a lot more messy than just shifting wall time.
Urumuqi actually delays store openings/closings (department stores open at 11AM, for example), so it isn't that bad. Beijing time in Beijing should be accurate, but without DST, the sun rises way too early in the morning. But even then the schedules are still fixed, just the Chinese enjoy their night life, so the sun setting at 6-7PM in the summer isn't really a big deal.
Our school schedules are set by weird rules involving when school bus capacity is available. But in general, 9AM is about when school starts (for my son's K-8, its 8AM here for K-5s), or summer camp session starts, or whatever. My schedule is so influenced by my kid these days, it happens to correspond to rush hour, which sucks, because everyone else's schedules are intertwined (so traffic).
I WFH and can definitely set my own work hours. Which is why its 12:30 AM and I still haven't gone to bed yet.
If you are looking for an example I did some contract work for a company in Turkey that implemented winter hours and summer hours for their office after abolishing DST in 2016. As far as I understand it, it's fairly standard across the country.
> businesses set their own hours, not the government
In plenty of countries the government decides the opening hours of shops, restaurants and sometimes even offices. Labour laws and nighttime pay are coupled to the hours on the clock. Hours you can make noise is decided by government. Germany has the mid-day resting hour (Mittagsruhe).
Even that isn't very hard and fast, states can set their own school hours, but in nearly every case there is only an earliest time and an overall yearly hours of instruction. They can start at different times or change it everyday if they wanted, that is controlled by either the school or possibly the local government.
Schools choose to use similar times because they think that is what parents want.
I agree with everything you say, except the first. It’s still the government setting the hours for public schools (in the US meaning of public school).
Yeah, as someone who lives in Vermont, you could talk me into permanent DST. That would move the winter sunset from, say, 4:21pm to 5:21pm, which would mean I'd get enough twilight for a short walk after work. And Maine is even further east and north in the same time zone, so they have an even earlier sunset. On the other hand, Vermont's standard time sunrise around 7:20 is reasonable enough.
Parts of Vermont have traditionally coped with this by having an 8-4 workday instead of 9-5.
But the reality is that Vermont gets only about an hour of daylight outside working hours, depending on local customs. People have extremely strong preferences about how that hour gets split up.
Permanent DST is just a synonym for "let's all agree to wake up an hour earlier." The same change could be affected by e.g. schools and businesses agreeing to open at 8am instead of 9am. (Of course that would be wildly unpopular so permanent DST is just way to trick people into swallowing the pill.)
But would behavior change in the long run? Countries like Spain where solar noon differs wildly from clock noon just end up aligning their rituals accordingly (e.g. eating dinner at 9pm).
> The same change could be affected by e.g. schools and businesses agreeing to open at 8am instead of 9am.
School starts at 8am everywhere that I know of in northern New England and always has? Does school start at 9am where you live?
And as noted, an 8am start to the working day is long established in certain parts of Vermont and New Hampshire. It has not been "widely unpopular." It's nice to get a few minutes of sunlight and twilight after work in winter.
This just seems like a backwards justification. There is nothing wrong with a 9am sunrise or a 4:11am sunrise. People in Anchorage deal with both just fine.
> I am not awake at 4am, I have no use for sunlight at 4am
Most people aren’t awake at 5am either. Your use for the sun when there is an excess of it that goes well past your bedtime if you get up at 5am is irrelevant.
In the meanwhile I know enough people who wake up super early to walk their dogs, or to work out, or you know, to go to their work which opens at 6:30. Do they not count?
I can see the DST argument for people where the shift kinda sorta works out, but many places (like Anchorage!) it's completely unnecessary. I live in Sweden and it's just the twice annually "ah shit the clock moved overnight."
Yeah, it’s insane. Along with that, any permanent gains in the morning will be lost as soon as it becomes normal. Businesses will just open that much earlier. And this study assumed bedtimes of 10pm, which is not the average anywhere on the planet from what I remember the last time I looked into this. The average is like past midnight.
I'm an outlier because I have to be at work at 6:30 AM daily (so I get up around 5:15), so staying up past 10 PM is a rarity and I see midnight maybe two or three times a year. I don't think I've slept past 8 AM in the past decade, even on vacation. But I haven't even frequently stayed up past midnight since my mid-twenties, and even then didn't do so every night. I'd have been too sleep-deprived.
You realize that you can change your own sleep patterns seasonally if you want to? Heck, you could do that even gradually instead of those abrupt 1 hour changes. That is your choice, we don't need to fiddle with clocks for the whole society for that.
Appealing to population is a stupid argument. DST as a policy is designed for places at higher latitudes, and the the majority of the planet do not live at higher latitudes. DST exists to maintain a more consistent time of sunrise across seasons.
DST is moronic in any part of the world close to the equator. There is not enough seasonal adjustment in the time of sunrise to justify adjusting the clocks. And in places of the world such as the middle east, they have an active policy of avoiding the sun and a policy of DST (which maximizes sunlight while awake) is antithetical to how society functions.
This is patently false, don't spread rumors. Voluntarily delaying release at the request of the government is not the same as imposing export controls.
I hesitate to call anything "voluntary" when a competitor company was declared a domestic supply chain risk for refusing to do everything the administration requested.
By saying it’s false you are also spreading a rumor that OpenAI is goated by us defense. The reality is we don’t know the truth. But since we are spouting off rumors: Government could have given them a national security letter that says, “send all of your prompts and response data to a mirror run by NSA”
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